nomenclature
Nomenclature : Une nomenclature est un système de classification (code, tableau, liste, règles d’attribution d’identité…) servant de référence dans le cadre d’une activité professionnelle, industrielle ou d’une discipline donnée (exemples : en chimie, en botanique, en zoologie, en astronomie). La nomenclature est un élément-clé de toute taxonomie. Nomenclature sur Wikipédia (fr)
Nomenclature : Nomenclature (UK: , US: ) is a system of names or terms, or the rules for forming these terms in a particular field of arts or sciences. The theoretical field studying nomenclature is sometimes referred to as onymology or taxonymy. The principles of naming vary from the relatively informal conventions of everyday speech to the internationally agreed principles, rules, and recommendations that govern the formation and use of the specialist terminology used in scientific and any other disciplines.
Naming « things » is a part of general human communication using words and language: it is an aspect of everyday taxonomy as people distinguish the objects of their experience, together with their similarities and differences, which observers identify, name and classify. The use of names, as the many different kinds of nouns embedded in different languages, connects nomenclature to theoretical linguistics, while the way humans mentally structure the world in relation to word meanings and experience relates to the philosophy of language.
Onomastics, the study of proper names and their origins, includes: anthroponymy (concerned with human names, including personal names, surnames and nicknames); toponymy (the study of place names); and etymology (the derivation, history and use of names) as revealed through comparative and descriptive linguistics.
The scientific need for simple, stable and internationally accepted systems for naming objects of the natural world has generated many formal nomenclatural systems. Probably the best known of these nomenclatural systems are the five codes of biological nomenclature that govern the Latinized scientific names of organisms. Nomenclature sur Wikipédia (en)
Une geisha classique se tient debout au bord d’une mare de jardin zen, entourée d’iris kakitsubata violets en pleine floraison émergeant de la brume dorée. Son kimono or et céladon se fond dans les reflets de l’eau calme — contemplation absolue dans la lumière tamisée du Taishō.
A classic geisha stands at the edge of a Zen garden pond, surrounded by violet kakitsubata irises in full bloom emerging from golden mist. Her gold and celadon kimono blends into the calm water reflections — absolute contemplation in Taishō twilight.
Une meule de fromage affiné en coupe centrale sur vélin crème, entourée de quatre vignettes : section transversale avec œils et cristaux de tyrosine, détail de la croûte et du Penicillium, le moule en bois cerclé de toile de lin, stratification croûte-à-cœur en lavis sépia.
A wheel of aged cheese in central cross-section on cream vellum, surrounded by four vignettes: internal structure with eyes and tyrosine crystals, rind detail with Penicillium, the wooden mould lined with linen cloth, crust-to-core stratification in sepia wash.